Daily bit(e) of C++ | Monostate pattern
Daily bit(e) of C++ #61, The Singleton alternative, Monostate pattern
The Monostate pattern (not to be confused with std::monostate) is a pattern with similar goals to a Singleton.
Where a Singleton only permits a single instance, the Monostate pattern can be instantiated many times while ensuring only one instance of its internal state.
A Monostate (with all the downsides of a global state) can be a better fit for testability.